Hills like White Elephants Essay

â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† is a very short story by Ernest Hemingway telling of the conversation between a man and a woman regarding the pregnancy of the woman. The point of view or the voice employed in the short story is a third person point of view where there is a narrator separate from the main characters in the story. This point of view or voice is very effective in the story because such requires that the narrator is a distant observer so as not to intercede in the intimacy of the conversation between the two characters. This is effectively achieved because both characters, albeit having a choppy and seemingly disjointed conversation, reconcile in their views at certain points which totally disregards the need for the intrusion of a material narrator who is necessarily part of the story or one of the characters. The story is set in a bar in a train station where the couple waits before bounding the train. Such a setting allows exploration of the other, more important elements of the story, which serve as potent symbols for the central theme of abortion, so for instance, in the lines, â€Å"â€Å"The hills across the valley of the Ebro were long and white.† (Hemingway); and the lines where the girl continues to describe the barren landscape, â€Å"They look like white elephants†. (Hemingway), the setting where both couples are offer an unobstructed view of these hills, which, in the story, are used to imply the perception of the female protagonist who is struggling with a pregnancy that is unwanted by her partner, the male protagonist. So, in effect, these lines, while illustrating the view from the train station offers the female’s perspective of the pregnancy as something that is not supported by her partner, hence the almost indifferent description of the scenery. The bar setting also works well in infusing the tale with symbolic meanings, for instance, when the girl says, â€Å"â€Å"Everything tastes like licorice. Especially the things you’ve waited so long for, like absinthe. † (Hemingway) she is actually referring to the pregnancy, which, perhaps, she had wanted for so long, but was not supported by her partner. So, in effect, this line would not have been as effective had it been said in the bedroom or an office, so the setting works quite effectively in making the symbols more adequate for the central theme. The characters in the story, Jig, the female, and her male partner are in a situation where they are arguing whether to have the baby that Jig was currently pregnant with. The ways the characters are characterized in the story contribute a lot to how the story turns out to be. The female, protagonist, who is initially adamant about having the baby later shows some evidence of softening up because perhaps of her love for her partner and the desire to make things right again, hence, the lines, â€Å"â€Å"But if I do it, then it will be nice again if I say things are like white elephants, and you’ll like it?† (Hemingway) where the girl seems to be testing the reaction of the male character to whatever decision she makes. The male character, on the other hand is quite insistent that his mate get an abortion, and as is quite clear in the conversations, does not seem to care about what his partner feels. This indifference of the male character is very clear in the rapidly successive dialogue in the lines, â€Å"†I said we could have everything. /We can have everything. /No, we can’t.  /We can have the whole world. /No, we can’t. /We can go everywhere. /No, we can’t. It isn’t ours any more. /It’s ours. /No, it isn’t. And once they take it away, you never get it back. † (Hemingway) Here, it is quite clear that the male character seems to be avoiding the matter presented by the male character and his responses are all in the negative because he seems to be focused on one objective and one goal alone which is to have the baby being carried by the female character aborted. In this particular story the dynamics between the setting, the characters, and the point of view all work together in support of the central theme. Such a story succeeds in conveying the desired emotions to the reader while at the same time paying much attention to conventions and literary standards, hence, making the story very successful in its execution.

Kashmir Problem

I think that if war is seen as real possibility, all efforts should be on its prevention as war brings killing of innocent people, hunger and devastations. The region of Kashmir would hardly be able to restore uniqueness of the legendary beautiful mountainous area. Moreover, 7 million of people are endangered to be killed. But for what?This question is a matter of interest for many politicians, historians and economists as many countries are involved in the conflict – India, Pakistan are the primary participants of the conflict, and the US has its own position towards the problem. Pakistan and India are known to have dispute over Kashmir as they are willing to divide the region. â€Å"Line of Control† is introduced as a violated truce.The problem is that India views Kashmir region as a part of its nation and it claims that Pakistan has occupied illegally portion of the region. Therefore, Indian government is going to prevent unification between Kashmir and Pakistan. In its turn, Pakistan residents are allowed to choose freely whether they want to live in Kashmir or in Jammu. It goes without saying that India rejects such plebiscite. In my opinion, the most dangerous thing is that both countries are nuclear power. It means that in war they may refer to nuclear weapon which can destroy not only Pakistan or India, but also all neighboring states.I think that everything should be done to solve the conflict peacefully to avoid killing. The article mentions that India had invented more than 300 kg of weapons-grade petroleum in 1995, and it is hard to image what the consequences of such attack may be. Additionally, both countries are hardly equipped with ballistic missiles and fighter jets which could be armed with nuclear weapons.The conflict is worse by the fact that India suffers from terrorist attacks and may refer to military response, whereas Pakistan views India as aggressor which is willing to take full control of Kashmir threatening in such a wa y Pakistan nation. It is rather hard to decide whether India or Pakistan can be considered right. The situation is two-fold, but it is necessary to press Pakistan to give up terrorism as it encourages India to attack.ReferencesKashmir. New York Post On-line. Retrieved March 28, 2008, from http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/world/kashmir/front.html

A Brief Biography of Ted Bundy

In the 1970s, terrorist incidents shocked the United States. More and more girls students suddenly disappeared. While searching for a serial killer, the agent does not seem to be able to find a link to those who carry out all these terrible acts. The similarity of the victims shows that some people are wisely supporting these events. But when he got caught, the United States learned that not all serial killers fit a particular image. Ted Bundy, which is said to be very smart and interesting by many people, spreads his fears throughout America by targeting and killing young women; his future behavior Ted Bundy's biography Ted Bundy is one of the worst continuous killers ever. His antisocial personality and spiritual illness made him feel scared all over the country. After all, Ted left a series of bloody killings including the deaths of 36 young women and crossed the four states. The biggest problem in the hearts of many people is that if people like Bondi are very smart, very clever and praised, he will do such a thing. - Terrorist attacks shocked the United States in the 1970s. More and more girls students suddenly disappeared. While searching for a serial killer, the agent does not seem to be able to find a link to those who carry out all these terrible acts. The similarity of the victims shows that some people are wisely supporting these events. But when he was caught, the United States learned that not all serial killers are consistent with a particular image. Through the history of Tide Bondi, criminal investigators encountered various forms of serial killers. One of the many famous serial killers of the 20th century was Theodore Robert Bundy (Ted Bundy). Ted Bundy is responsible for killing more than Chi Omega. When people think about continuous killers they imagine people who are dirty, crazy, personal and outstanding from others. In the case of Ted, this is not the case. Ted Bondi is a very intelligent person who attended college. Ted Bundy 2 Ted Bundy: Personality comparison between Rollo May and Albert Bandura's theory The purpose of this case study is to test the personality of Ted Bundy, one of the most notorious serial killers of modern history. It is said that Ted Bundy insulted and tortured and killed at least 50 women. The possibilities are higher, but real numbers will never be known. Because Ted Bondi refused to keep the real number of his victims and inform the authorities about the exact things.

Game Thoery-Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Game Thoery-Science - Essay Example In game theory, a situation of cooperative behavior is referred to as non-zero type game since both individuals playing end up sharing the survival interest. Where there is no cooperation leading to one player winning at another’s expense this translates to a zero-sum kind of game. The interactive tasks are going to be centered on the â€Å"Prisoner’s Dilemma†. Prisoner’s Dilemma is an expression describing a non-zero type of game where some reciprocal moves or behaviors are approximated. An assumption is made under the game of prisoner’s dilemma. One imagines that they (with a partner) are arrested with a minor crime of stealing goods and which is punished by way of a 2-year jail term. However, the police are convinced that you are the culprit and through this you should serve an 8-year term, but they are devoid of proof that either of you is the doer of the act. They subsequently do separate you for questioning. Each of the individuals involved is offered with a choice by the police, to either cooperate or defect. By cooperating one remains mum to ensure cooperation with the partner. At least you could get a 2-year jail term and the partner could be convicted with a minor crime. A defection means that one implicates the partner in the crime. Therefore, through defection the police are set to do away with the minor charges put against you and thus, could go without punishment. Judging from other players’ moves average the cooperative move had a 9.2-year prison term while defect group had a 7.2-year term in prison. Therefore, on average defect has the best outcome. Further, looking at the extent of logic the move is, if the partner decides to cooperate then one should defect because 0 years would be apt than 2 years in jail. On the other hand, if the partner decides to defect then one should do the same since a prison term of 8 years is apt in comparison to 10

How Poverty Affect Health Insurance among Poor in the USA Research Paper

How Poverty Affect Health Insurance among Poor in the USA - Research Paper Example From the economic point of view one can also consider the health insurance as an indicator of the financial standing of the people in the societies. In most of the cases, health insurance helps people to avail the costly healthy checkup in minimum cost and likewise after having the policy if one is not suffering from any kind of disease then he or she may considers this as a loss in his investment. The recent survey in the USA reveals the fact that the poor people are more vulnerable to be get affected by the chronic conditions, and are not in a financial condition to get proper treatment. In most of the cases survey also proves that thee poor family in the USA are not in a position to afford the health insurance for one and all in their family which directly affecting their treatment. L’Ecluse in her analysis mentioned the fact that â€Å"more than half of low-income Californians with chronic conditions put off getting prescriptions or care for those ailments due to cost.† (L’Ecluse) This condition is more common among the families having income of less than $ 50,000. In her review she also mentioned that people with low incomes often have to fight with more than one adverse condition. One among five low-income families in the USA have four or more adverse health conditions to fight in their families such as diabetes, cancer.

Prison in the US justice system Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Prison in the US justice system - Research Paper Example The current conditions of prisons will be considered, as well as the presence and implementation of recidivism programs, rehabilitative programs, introductory back into society programs, and steps taken to ensure the safety of the public after a prisoner has been released. When most people think of prisons, cold, rundown jail cells for the purpose of punishing hardened criminals is what usually comes to mind. While punishment is one of the primary reasons that prisons exist, there are two other reasons that often go overlooked: to protect and to rehabilitate. Prisons are used to protect both society and the criminal. Society needs protection against harmful individuals and groups, and the criminal needs protection from those in society wishing to seek revenge for any wrongdoings (for example, the father of a murdered child might feel tempted to go after the murderer). Prisons also help to rehabilitate to prisoners so that they can learn to handle their anger in healthy and beneficial ways, and will also be less likely to commit crimes once they have been released. In recent years, many state and federal prisons have been under fire due to the physical conditions that prisoners are being forced to live. The majority of these issues have stemmed from the two greatest ordeals that prisons are facing, which are overcrowding and underfunding. As early as 1991, prisons throughout the United States have faced a significant increase of inmates, and thus an increase in prison overcrowding (Weschler, 1991). The number of prisoners being released back onto the streets is shrinking while the number of prisoners being brought into prisons is continuing to grow. The demand to maintain prisoners is too great and cannot be kept up with. To make the overcrowding even worse is the underfunding of our state and federal prisons. Due to nationwide budget cuts and our current economic recession, our prisons are among the institutions that are being given the cold shoulder

Pivot Tables Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pivot Tables - Assignment Example Excel also allows you to generate charts from the data in your pivot table which can be very handy in comparisons. Similarly, Pivot Tables are interactive means of summarizing the data, allowing you to add or delete fields in the contingent (summary) tables. This is especially useful when a sample has to be chosen from a specific characteristic of the population which endows various other characteristic as well that are irrelevant. Pivot Tables are also dynamic which can automatically recalculate the data based on addition or elimination of new fields. This feature is really helpful in saving time and effort of the data collector. Pivot tables are also easy to change if the data from original source is changed. As a result, these tables are really important when the changes in data are quick and frequent. These tables can help you to keep your records updated at all times and can be used when the original data keeps on changing. Multiple worksheets are really handy in grouping and summarizing data. A collection of two or more worksheets is called group worksheet. In order to group two or more work sheets, you need to first click the tab of first worksheet, then you press and hold shift key and click the tab of the other worksheet that you want to group.

Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 10

Religion - Essay Example Khan tackles this question as a public figure in the United States. She talks about growing up in America and how for a long time all she wanted to do was fit in. She turned her back on her faith and on the teachings of prophet Mohammed. Eventually, she began to see a Allah-shaped hole in her life and rediscovered her faith. But she felt that Muslims should reach out to other faiths in their community in order to share ideas and concepts and to help bind the community together. She has done this through her interfaith dialogues in New York. She has worked hard to bring disparate people together. For her, Mohammed teaches that we are the children of God and that the divisions sometimes generated by faith are false ones that can and should be overcome. Of course, this takes a great deal of work, so Khan must work tirelessly to promote her message. Islam is a soft thing, not a hard thing, and violence must be removed from the faith. People need to have a better understanding of the fait h, Khan believes. Part of being a Muslim involves your own personal faith, but part also involves sharing with others what Islam is really about. After the terrorist attacks in New York, Khan began to really pick up this thread and do her best to show people that Islam is a religion of peace not of war and that people should learn more about what it really means. Some of the best ambassadors, she thinks, are artists from the community rather than fire-breathing imams. This softer side of Islam, the artistic side, is what she believes is sometimes lost in the mix. So she does her best to communicate through a number of interfaith dialogues with people of different religions and persuasions. 2. Why are there different interpretations in Islam, and what is your opinion about these different interpretations? - Support you opinion with relevant material and avoid critical or offensive remarks. Islam is a very large religion with many

I Think, Therefore I Kant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

I Think, Therefore I Kant - Essay Example The essay "I Think, Therefore I Kant" overviews the philosophy works and the revolutionary thinking of Immanuel Kant at the turn of the 19th century and his philosophy of reason still resonates in the Western world. In his attempt to reconcile religion and science, he drew criticism from all sides. His works, often heavy and lengthy, have at times made Kant difficult to understand. Yet beneath the surface lies an eloquent approach to philosophy and morality. Whether being praised or criticized, he has been called the "finisher and conqueror of Illumination". A close examination of Kant's ethical theory reveals why it drew such controversy and why it continues to persist. Kant's individual uniqueness stems from his belief in what is called deontological ethics or the study of duty. According to Kant, an action's moral value does not stem from the consequences of the action, but rather from the motivation behind the will to act. When the action is universal and is motivated by only good will, it is a categorical imperative. In Kant's words, "Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law". Thus an action that is motivated by good will is universally good. Kant criticized the Utilitarian theories that evaluate the action based on the happiness it produced. According to Utilitarianism, whatever produces the most happiness in the most people is the moral course of action. This could lead to the happiness of many at the expense of a few people's misery.

Cross Culture Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Cross Culture Marketing - Essay Example Cross- cultural marketing calls for markets to be conscious and sensitive to the differences in culture, and to respect the consumers' cultural rights in different cultures and in the marketing places. Marketers have to realize that consumer's deserve the right to their culture. Hofstede (2001) carried out studies in more than 100 countries and concluded that there are five basic value elements which are; individualism, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity/femininity, power distance and long term verses short term orientation that affects consumer's behavior. Thus, for the marketer to be conquerors in the cross-cultural marketing they have to create marketing mix which meets consumer's cultural values and norms. (Hofstede, 1991) This paper will deal with First Computers Inc. as a computer hardware and software company. The company manufactures, supports, develops and sells a wide variety of products and services including; PCs, data storage devices, network switches, software, computer peripherals etc. The paper will investigate the current business strategies used by the company to conquer cross- cultural business in two countries which are China and Germany examine cultural aspects in this two countries and analyze the ways the company is using to be succeed in its business. Due to modernization and advancement in technology, most businesses are beginning to explore international markets for better profits and opportunities. Cullen & Boteeah (2005) notes that, in the recent past trading has become increasingly global in some way because of the need to gather and increase the company's financial bases. Advancement in technology including communication efficiency and better international relations has contributed to the promotion of the international trade. Competition has however become a great challenge to the success of international trade but most companies are rising to the challenge, to achieve greater investments and better market opportunities in the international market. Other rationale reasons for venturing in global market for the company are; The computer hardware manufacturing industry has become one of the industries that have grown tremendously over a very short period of time. Thus it is possible to have the products from this company sell quite easily in oversees market. As Cullen & Boteeah (2005) observers computers have become a major attraction for an improved social life and also in the communication and technology arena. Computers have also become one of the most sorts after kinds of machines among the world population and any other sector in the world today. Coupled with the fact that the Chinese and Germany population are one of the largest and most sophisticated in the world, it is possible to achieve a very huge market share for this company compared to other countries with somewhat lower population. A description of the product/service; This company offers a wide variety of products including the manufacture, assembly, and maintenance of computers and other computer devices. The company has risen from being a retailer of used computers to become one of the improved companies in the sector. The company has been for the past two years getting recognition and that it believes it has met the needs for the domestic market and now it needs to explore the international market to China and Germany. The distinctive cultural difference(s) of the China and Germany

Capstone Project Essay Example for Free

Capstone Project Essay Introduction The use of network services is increasing the management amount of copper and fiber cabling. This results in an ever increasing workload that must be maintained or reconfigured; resulting in challenges to organizational profitability. One of the challenges that arises is how does an administrator maintain a complex work environment when increased profits, fewer capital and operating resources are limited. One might suggest growing a complex network infrastructure requires operation efficiency with a desire to manage and protect cables without interrupting the workflow for clients. However, given the challenges affecting wireless service providers; maintaining focus and quality are just the fundamentals. The administrator is limited to the organizations profitability and cost variance when determining the best approach. These factors play a role which will likely affect the infrastructure as a whole. It is interesting enough to point out that towards the perspective of a network administrator; an issue should remain dormant and should never happen when the proper implications are set in place. However, because we live in an intractable world the possibility for a scenario is plausible. Capstone Proposal Summary As a volunteer for a network security survey for Aon Corp; the following survey was designed to point out vulnerabilities within the organizational network servers specifically under the surety office location where class mates using workstations were experiencing frustrating issues pertaining to network instability. The survey was intended to identify on whether security implications were required so that an upgrade request may be delivered. A staff meeting was set in place where we  interviewed the client regarding their needs. It is always a good choice to understand the fundamental needs of the client prior to making any changes to the network. After spending several hours brainstorming the client’s demands a solution has been reached. The project setting has been laid out clearly. During my timeframe interviewing the client I have gained the necessary background knowledge to understand my client’s visions building a strong mutual connection. Understanding this connection has entitled me to diagnose the network accordingly. As a part of the survey Aon Corp has several requirements prior to jumping into the project. First it was mandatory to inspect the minimum system requirements of the client machines. In the past latency issues have derived primarily to out of date hardware or device drivers as opposed to a security breach. It is always a wise choice to update these configurations while running the appropriate operating system updates which may all be contributing factors. During the prerequisite stage of the survey the required information is gathered to develop an effective network survey which would alleviate resource constraint. Rational Systems Analysis It is always a wise choice to research similar case studies that may provide beneficial information relating to similar scenarios. I have done as such building my understanding of these scenarios which has a given me some background to my clients concerns. Several user friendly applications have offered me assistance analyzing security loop holes. They are the Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer (MBSA) and Windows Server Update Services (WSUS). With accordance to the Microsoft website; the Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer is a user friendly tool emphasized for technicians with a focus on assisting medium sized businesses. The tool focuses on the security state of the network with accordance to Microsoft recommendations providing guidelines and support. The user may download Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer (MBSA) from Microsoft.com as it is a well-known tool for all IT technicians. Once the tool has been successfully installed the administrator has the ability to scan multiple end users on the local network median. Upon completion of the scan the user is delivered a report highlighting potential threats along with missing updates. Some of these updates may include missing application patches, operations system  updates, and advised the user on whether a Windows firewall is running. MBSA has the ability to examine administrative accounts along with password policies. See Figure A for example. Figure A As technology advances, administrative technicians need to adjust to the challenges ahead. Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer is a great tool to maintain the integrity of your network infrastructure. Scott Lowe (2004), a Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer, said the following regarding the Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer: â€Å"Supporting a huge number of Microsoft applications, MBSA can serve you in two ways. First, it will help you keep your servers protected from problems; second, with powerful reporting capabilities, it can help you actually learn why you need to do the things that are suggested so you can make an educated decision as to whether something is an acceptable risk in your environment.† Project Goals and Objectives The objective towards the following project was to initiate a plan to upgrade Aon Corp network infrastructure alleviating latency issues better improving the efficiency and flow of data across the network median. A current unstable network prolonged business growth capacity making it difficult for end users to utilize resources effectively. Without the essential resources company growth was at a bottleneck. Breaking down the goals and objectives for the following project was essential in providing a remedy to the issue, they are as follows: Client must receive a current system image snapshot -Survey of a workstation must be documented -Survey of a server must be documented -Microsoft Baseline Security tool must be run saving each workstation along with the server A scheduled protocol plan must be provided articulating details for the client on overall performance and network stability. Client must be advised of a detailed schematic for preventative measures along with upkeep Client must be given an  instructional manual for managing updates related to the operating system and antivirus software Client must be given an estimate on productivity along with return of investment In order to present the deliverables to the client; a solid fundamental understanding of the clients requirements must be developed. Acquiring a background understanding is essential in order to understand the business process and what the client wants to achieve out of their network infrastructure. Without understanding the big picture the project would certainly fail. Pre-SurveyClientMeeting The goal and objective here was to initiate a meeting with the client to discuss the business orientation and the process relations to their workstations. The clients company being a training institution; certain software was required in order for the firm to achieve their business goals. The applications required minimum system specs in order to run efficiently. During the preliminary phase of the meeting the business model and goals were discussed. Operational hours were taken into consideration as a set schedule was established for performing the survey. As the meeting came to an end a survey schematic was brought to the client’s attention in order to calculate return on investment upon project completion (refer to Appendix 2). The success of the meeting was met and the first objective was complete. Upon the completion of the survey the client was provided with an executable plan laying out the details of the upgrade and preventative measures. However, the full execution will be help outside the Capstone; it will be the key highlight to the success of the business goals. Network Security Survey As a prerequisite to the survey several spreadsheets having been compiled for capturing images of data (refer to Appendix 3 along with Appendix 4). The first document entitles end user computers and second focuses on servers. As for the MBSA scans for each workstation; a thumb drive was used to save the results. Prior to beginning the survey an update was brought to my attention from the client that others may be working on these end-user machines as well. Because of my failure to follow through during the phone meeting advising of the time schedule, I needed to contact the  other administrators advising them of my presence. Fortunately, as I arrived at the designated project site there were many computers to survey. I began to survey the end-user machines not being surveyed. About 3 minutes elapsed for each workstation to survey; running Microsoft Baseline Security (MBSA) took about 11 minutes. Unfortunately, I have missed my goal of reaching the estimated number of computers being surveys as discussed in the preliminary meeting. The survey elapsed more time than I have predicted. On the other hand it was pleasant to know that the other administrators finished their portion of the project just in time before I got to them. Surveying the workstations went according to schedule, however, as I approached the servers several problems aroused. The list of passwords the client provided did not contain the correct characters as I attempted to log into the domain controller. The owner has left the building and was unable to achieve my goal with surveying the servers as planned thus leaving my network security survey incomplete. The following day the owner has been contacted and a scheduled return visit was planned. As the domain controller was surveyed; the security network part of the survey has been successfully completed. Despite the minor issues the survey went flawless; I would have followed through with the client more efficiently if the same scenario would have repeated itself. The desired goal has been achieved and a data image has been captured so the proposal upgrade can be finalized. Proposal Upgrade Preparation The upgrade proposal was designed to contain the following suggestions. Configuration of the Domain controller Configuration of the server Configuration of the workstation Suggestions for Malware/Antivirus Report for ROI Security guide for the end-user Timeline of Upgrade As assumptions defining the network configuration have been made. Unknowingly an assumption was made that the domain controller is established as the default gateway, DNS and DHCP server. I came to understand that their infrastructure was split into four subnets. ISA server was in between the  ISP acting as NAT, DNS, DHCP, and RRAS server. Logically understanding that their domain controller was their default gateway, DHCP, and DNS server; the services were contained on the internal network. Failing to understand the possibility of a network perimeter my assumptions were incorrect. Eventually I was able to complete each task item provided above; a presentation with the client would finalize this portion of the project. The task was completed, however, not within the desired timeframe. Presentation Proposal As the completion of the proposal has been achieved a client meeting has been scheduled. The agenda of the meeting is as follows: 1. Discussing survey results (network state) 2. Hardware discussion / software suggestions 3. Projected ROI and cost 4. Questions 5. Schedule implementation Despite the presentation lasting 2 hours it was a success. Proper planning along with a satisfying network survey were the predecessors leading to this success. The network survey went very smooth and efficient. The proposal was straight to the point and meaningful for the client. As the following goal completed and the deliverables presented to the client project completion has been achieved. Due to the clients satisfactions with the deliverables the project has moved forward to the next portion of the upgrade phase. Project Timeline The timeline of the project was compiled using a Gantt chart from the software Microsoft Office Project 2012. The project plan along with the details are listed in Figure B. As indicated in Figure B, the project time frame was expected to take 238 days.   Several areas took time constraint. First the network survey as previously indicated where I failed to follow through with the client after the preliminary phase of the meeting. This resulted in the client scheduling students on campus on the same timeframe as the survey. Fortunately, there  were enough end-user computers to perform the survey. In time the remainder of the students have left the building freeing up those workstations as well. Forgetting to get a confirmation of the amount of workstations at the preliminary meeting indivertibly resulted in my underestimation of the amount of time it would take to survey the total amount of workstations. The client password list for the domain controllers portrayed to be the only problem I have run into when performing the survey resulting in a setback. Because I have forgotten to request the following information from the client; the survey was setback from the estimated time for completion; resulting in a day setback. Compiling the proposal was another task that was miscalculated. Fortunately, I was able to finalize the project in one day thus keeping the project within the constraints of the timeline. Client satisfaction was the ultimate goal as they were very grateful. It is expected that situations as such will not always go accordingly to plan; however, without the clients support the project would not have gone as smooth. Planning a larger margin while taking a less aggressive attitude at the preliminary meeting would have avoided such issues. Project Development During the preliminary development of the following project, Aon Corps network infrastructure was heading in an unknown direction pertaining to its economic success. Instabilities in their security policy, workstations were exponentially getting slower each day. Students along with testers were losing hope in the integrity of the company. Their mindset was affecting performance along with business profit opportunities. The project I was assigned to revolve around building a business by updating their network infrastructure to a level of efficiency. The concentration of the project focused on performing an upgrade solution that would provide this efficiency to the client. Original snapshots of the network were based in the upgrade proposal plan which was used to optimize the network. The optimal goal of the project was to implement a network infrastructure that would be secure. Just like all problems issues aroused during the progression of the project. Students were scheduled to be in the building at the time of the survey; a work around was developed as I was able to hinder another classroom. Upon completion of the workstations I was able to come back to the student’s  classroom which was cleared. Rearranging the order of the computers that have been surveyed the issue was concealed. Another situation that derived during development happened when I discovered that the client has given me the incorrect domain controller password list which did not contain the server administrative passwords. The lack of the following information would have definitely resulted in the project failing. Rescheduling the visit with the owner has alleviated this scenario. Unfortunately, because of the rescheduling the timeline has been pushed back preventing me from completing the project within the completion period. Anticipating that the network domain controller would be a configured as a default gateway. Assumptions were proven wrong and the configuration process to longer than expected. Due to an ISA server on the network perimeter changes to the configurations proposal had to be made. Creating an ROI report was another unanticipated event that was requested upon the client. Determining the monetary cost was difficult when comparing the proposed and current network conditions. Consequently, changes had to be made to the customer question business survey to assist me in these calculations. Gracefully, the client was able to agree upon these terms. Actual and Potential Effects Majority of the following section will focus on potential effects due to the project being a proposal. The project effects can be conceived by indicating that the client had a clear perspective towards the network infrastructure and how in its previous state it has manipulated business continuity. The client experienced the previous state and was provided with a schematic to the current stable state. Empowering the client with the details providing them with a clear understanding influenced them to take action thus changing their network infrastructure to one that works efficiently. The potential positives to the following plan are as follows. Should the client comply with the proposal providing the solution to their network; they will be rewarded with a network that is optimally configured. This will result in network operating efficiency and business processes will maintain its integrity. Less classroom interruptions will arouse related to workstation issues. Students taking tests will be less frustrated due to server crashes along with workstations. Customer  confidence in Aon corp will increase. The potential of business growth will result from the following project. There will be an ease of urgency related to network related issues. The organization can now focus on its business model focusing on their clients. Conclusion The capstone portrayed to be exciting yet challenging providing to be rewarding as well. In terms of goals and objectives I believe that it was successful. Client satisfaction has been achieved as each goal and object has been delivered. The reason why it was so successful and effective is due to the methodical planning prior to the initiation of the project. The necessity of preparation along with the preliminary client meetings has given me the fundamental understand on how to start building the project. Building a plan has given me an effective tool to deliver the clients expectations. Attention to detail along with effective communication were advantage points that designed an effective proposal. The client was efficient in being proactive by understanding the problem at point and expressing their concerns. Together a proposed plan has been derived that would act as a roadmap to that optimal network infrastructure. Flexibility and client patience played an important role during the hiccup moments of the project. The ability to determine alternative routes in an event of hitting a wall is essential to the success of any project. As the project manager it was my pleasure to achieve the client’s deliverables along with the satisfaction that they truly deserve. References Keystone Strategy, Inc Study (2005). Why IT Matters in Midsized Firms. Retrieved January 31, 2007 from http://www.key inc.com/it_matters.shtml. Lowe, Scott (2004). Verify security settings on Windows XP using Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer 1.2. Retrieved June 23, 2007 from http://articles.techrepublic.com.com/5100-1035_11-5221961.html. Microsoft (2007). City of Stratford Brings Down the Curtain on its Legacy System with Server Upgrade. Retrieved June 23, 2007 from http://www.microsoft.com/canada/casestudies/cityofstratford.mspx. Microsoft (2007). Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer. Retrieved June 23, 2007 from http://www.microsoft.com/technet/Security/tools/mbsahome.mspx. Microsoft (2007). Windows Vista Capable and Premium Ready PCs. Retrieved January 31, 2007 from http://www.microsoft.com/windows/products/windowsvista/buyorupgr ade/capable.mspx. Sherman, Erik (2007). Investing in IT for a Competitive Edge. Retrieved January 31, 2007, from http://www.microsoft.com/business/momentum/content/article.aspx?c Appendix 1: Capstone Competency Matrix The graduate responds appropriately to diversity issues in the workplace. Implements an intuitive understanding of cultural and religious backgrounds; open to opinions in an attempt to understand diverse perspectives within the organization. Upper Division Collegiate Level Reasoning and Problem Solving The graduate analyzes open-ended problems by learning about the problem and evaluating the accuracy and relevance of different Quality control is effective at determining common occurrences in issues; therefore, updating rules/protocols alleviate the issue at point. Upper Division Collegiate Level Reasoning and Problem Solving The graduate recognizes the value of critical thinking in identifying and understanding the underlying structures of disciplines and professions. Organizational issues are indifferent each day; critical thinking along with brainstorming are essential in order to research a resolution to problematic issues. Upper Division Collegiate Level Reasoning and Problem Solving The graduate demonstrates effective presentational communication strategies in a given context. Applies trial  and error to mimic the problem; then applies extensive research in reaching a solution to the issue. The research along with the problem is then logged as evidence for future claims. Language and Communication The graduate applies foundational elements of effective communication Communicates effectively in a stressful environment providing attention to detail. Language and Communication The graduate demonstrates effective presentational communication strategies in a given context. Evaluates graphical representation software to determine a flaw or an instability in performance/security of the organization. Security The graduate identifies and discusses basic concepts of security and security threats, and recommends security procedures. Implements a secure environment for each individual client PC; educating users on the importance of potential threats to network security. Security The graduate identifies security needs and recommends appropriate security practices for network infrastructure. Educates staff on the importance of implementing sufficient tools and policies in an attempt to protect the integrity of data crucial to the organization infrastructure.

Organizational Structure Essay Example for Free

Organizational Structure Essay †¢ Describe the organizational structure of your selected organization. Compare and contrast that structure with two different organizational structures. Google seems like a logical choice to use for my selected organization. Google is innovative and braces technology while others are not. Google understands its organizational structure well and that is where the innovation starts. Google embraces the fact that they can use the internet to conduct business and can hire in any country that allows this. How does this model differ from Sears? Sears and Kmart merged and are still having a hard time making the organization viable. Sears used to have mail order catalogues available to their customers and quit using this means a few years back. They lost business because that was their staple and this came as this sort of business was booming. They went backwards in my opinion and hurt sales. While Google diversifies into technological areas Sears does not. The company Amazon has seen the potential of the internet and has made strides selling their product to many world-wide. They embrace technology and prosper because of it. If Sears wants to evolve into the twenty first century, they need to use technology to compete with competitors. There are many tools in the organizational structure and technology is just one used for this paper. I think that Sears is a bureaucratic structure in nature. They have changed their organizational structure a few times probably because the board of directors were not happy with the old one and did not see it as viable. Sears is probably a matrix structure now. They need to diversify to compete and picked a winning organizational structure and stick with it will see them prosper in the futur e. Unless they change, they will not have a chance in the future. Amazon and Google are virtual structures. Some may argue that Amazon is a network structure. â€Å"One of the important issues for business model design is to develop a method for identifying a specific company’s business model structure. The purpose of this research is thus to propose a new systematical method for understanding and identifying business model structure.† (Ming-Hone, Yu-De, Yea-Huey, 2011, p.232) †¢ Evaluate how organizational functions (such as marketing, finance, human resources, and operations) influence and determine the organizational structure of your selected organization. Marketing in Google is one of the best organizational functions. They have a market that other could only dream of. The Google search engine is used by millions if not billions of potential customers. This is an already established means of marketing. By diversifying into other services, Google can target a multitude of potential customers on their search engine. Finances are cut to a minimum when most of the information and marketing is online. The virtual structure has done well for Google. They can hire from all over the world to expand their operations with ease. Google uses grounded theory that incorporates systematic and rigorous procedures for qualitative data collection and analysis. This lets them use data to see trends and capitalize on the information. Data collection, analysis, and theory are their bread and butter. Google took one million dollars and turned it into four billion dollars with this business model. Social networking is a tool used by Google in determining goals set forth by this organization. Google Ads was a good idea and worked out well. Google AdSense empowers online publishers to earn revenue by displaying relevant ads on a wide variety of online content. This gives everyone the chance to market a product in a cost effective way. The diversity of Google and the data mined from customers has made this company a giant in the industry. Face it Google is everywhere. Finance is minimal in a virtual organization for obvious reasons. They need servers to keep the information that is data mined and programmers to setup programming for the business. Technology can keep the cost down but it is still expensive to keep this sort of business going. It is still cheaper than traditional means. †¢ Explain how organizational design (such as geographic, functional, customer-based, product, service, hybrid, matrix, marketing channels, and departmentalization) helps determine which structure best suits your selected organization’s needs. Organizational design plays a major part in the business model of Google. Geographical location is not a problem for Google. The internet has made the world smaller and cost effective to do business around the world. Functional design is already in place for Google. They have a brand that everyone in the world knows. Google is customer based and that is their product. This works well together with the services aspect. They came out with Google Maps that was a big success. AdSense has taken off. Google Sky is another product. The main product is Google’s search engine. This by itself gives them trends into the minds of millions of people every single day. This also can be used for advertising anything they want to market. Data mining and watching trends of their customers would be a great way to diversify into something that is taking off. Sometimes I think this is too much power for one company. Monopoly laws will have to change world-wide for others to compete. Innovation is the mother of invention and I feel the world will adjust. The visions of Larry Page and Sergey Brin, the founders of Google have surpassed even their expectations. Departmentalization breaks processes up into departments. This is usually by taking a certain function of a company and dividing it into a functional department with specialists. Google does that well. A matrix groups employees by both function and product. This would be an ideal structure if specialists were taken into consideration in my opinion. Working well between those groups is where the problem lies. Google has its share of problems as do most organizations. Google is getting huge and I can see this being a problem in the future. I am sure this will evolve for the better. Fee based products are also in Google’s arsenal. There is a Google store and well as Google Books. The diversification is mind boggling. I have seen the Google Car was a bust. Only time will tell if this was viable.

Why companies sometimes face difficulties in raising finance

Why companies sometimes face difficulties in raising finance Topic: Explain what sources of finance are available for small to medium sized companies and explain why they sometimes face difficulties in raising finance Introduction Due to the establish of modern enterprise system and thoroughly in structural reforms of market economy, there are lot of opportunities contained in the market, but it is also existing many unexpected risks, particularly for the small to medium-sized enterprise (SMEs) which has limited resources to resist in this treacherous environment. To survive and adapts to the environment for a SME is to maintain its advantage in meticulous daily management and even more important is to have a long-term view strategic thinking especially in financial strategy. A good finance strategy can help SME to set up and expand their operations, development and also investment (OECD, 2006), further to get funds which make them competitively and can get well results they desired (Park, 2010). Making a finance strategy is very significant to a company; company has to consider both of internal condition and external environment problem and even more factors which are related to company. However, the SME has its particular characteristic, it is not suitable to adopt the same action with a large company; they better to create a strategy which fits to the company according to its demand. Finding a proper financial strategy for a developing SME, not only can help SME to reinforce its essence, the more important is the sustainability of its development. Define company There is no accurate definition for small to medium-sized enterprise (SMEs) and most of countries define it according to specific condition by their way. Nevertheless, there are some particular characteristics (Bank of England, 2001 Brookfield, 2001) about SMEs and they are: The enterprises are not quoted Ownership is often connected between family and shareholder and the business is typically restricted to few individuals. Most of SMEs are small groups business and always achieve self-employment effectively. In the past, the definition for SMEs from European Commission was unequivocal, it was defined by individual country, for instance, Germany regulated the amount of employee under 250 was part of SME, but in Belgium, the number was became 100. However, in the recent years, the data from European Commission shows that the definition has adjusted and is qualified as a SME by some criteria (see figure 1-1) (European Commission, 2010) in headcount, turnover and balance sheet total. Figure 1-1 the definition of a small firm from European Commission Importance of finance Nowadays, the enterprises finance is facing a dynamic, diversification and complicated managing environment. Managing finance is not only to provide a specific method or device for a firm; it is to assimilate the principle and manner from strategic management. Start from the view of adapting to the environment and using the vantage, to pay much attention in financial long-term problem and strategic problem. In the situation of lacking of the resources for SME, to create a suitable financial strategic and well dominate the limited resource is significant since a better financial systems can help to improve the probability of successful innovation and bring accelerate economic growth. (King, et al., 1993) The focus of enterprises financial strategy is the basic path on future development, goal and goal accomplishment for the financial action; this is the difference between financial strategy and other strategies. The master objective of enterprises financial strategy is reasonably to assemble, dominate and use its resources, tend to balance and flow enterprises capital, also to build the core competitive strength and to achieve the maximization of enterprise value in the end. Some aspects of this goal are related/ connected to each other; from the view of a long-term performance, to seek the enterprises sustainability growth in financial resource and capability, and furthermore to accomplish the rising of enterprises capital value and make enterprises financial capability can sustained, quick and healthily increase, conduce to maintain and develop enterprises competitive advantage. While enterprise building the core competitive strength for their strategic management, they need the support from financial management. The financial management which treats capital management as a significant content, it needs to express the requirement for enterprises strategy and to guarantee its practice. The value of practicing the financial strategy is to retain a health condition in enterprises finance and also effectively in controlling the financial risk. There are twelve types of financing and growth in SMEs and it can be very usefully and provided a great help if it is supplied properly according to SMEs particular requirement (Brookfield, 2001). Initial owner financing (Equity finance) Business angel financing Trade credit Leasing Factoring Venture capital Short-term bank loans (Debt finance) Medium term bank loans Mezzanine finance Private placements Public equity Public debt A company should manage its financing structure in a way that its debt and equity are in balanced manner. This fact helps company to avoid insolvency. Excess of either debt or finance could result in loss of wealth. I will be explaining some of the important methods of financing in following section. Equity finance Equity financing is that the shareholder sells the part of corporate control to introduce the new shareholder by raising the capital (Watson, et al., 2007). The enterprise does not need to pay the interest on principal if the capital is received from equity financing and the new shareholder can share the profit from enterprise as well. Equity financing includes stock issuance, allotment and debt for equity swap. Some features of equity financing, are: Stock equity is firms first right of its property, it is the base for enterprise to absorb the civil liability and to responsibility for firms own profits and losses; furthermore, it is also the base for investor to control the enterprise and to distribute the profit. Equity financing is the base of deciding an enterprise to the outward debt. Certainly, there are some advantages of equity financing that help enterprise in investment and management. Equity financing builds a good system in corporate governance structure, which consists of shareholders meeting, board of directors, Board of supervisors and executives. It is effectively in decreasing the risk of management. In the modern finance theory, stock market is also called open market; it means that the standardization financial products are dealing in a trading area with an extensively institutionalization. It has its criterion and processes it in the condition of information revelation and fare dealing. In financial translation, the more important is publicity and availability of information; and that is why the stock market is better than loan market in both competitiveness of capital price and publicity of information. Venture capital Venture capital is the fund which is collected by private placement and set as the type of organization; invest to unlisted small and medium-sized newly emerging enterprises and in the capital type of both high risk and high reciprocation. Venture capital is different from mutual fund, unit trust and securities investment fund; it has its features in operating of investment and collection, such as, Venture capital absorbs the venture with enterprise; the venture capitalist needs to cooperate closely with entrepreneur and help the firm to make a plan. Management is part of investment. Venture capital is an investment in long-term and poor flowability; venture capitalist and entrepreneur become a common destiny once they invest. Venture capital is high risk and requires the venture capitalist with specialized skill, and need to achieve specialization and programmed in choosing the project, tend to avoid the risk. Before inspect the financial index, the venture capitalist pays more attention in market prospect, development strategy and managing quality. Sharing the bonus from enterprise is not the purpose of venture capital, they make it as a return by increasing the capital when they are exiting; the time for exiting is always when go on public or sell it. Debt finance Debt financing is also called bond financing, it is the way which the firm can raise money for enterprises external finance; and debt can also be conducted and fitted to the requirement of issuing companies and investors (Watson, et al., 2007). It is included long-term bank loans, short-term financing (such as bills, debt receivable, and letter of credit), enterprise Bond and short-term financial bonds, also long-term bond financing, finance lease, discount government loans, government loan, Loans from international financial organizations and private bond fund. The first expense enterprise needs to pay is the interest of capital which receives from debt financing and the principal on the debt will be paid to creditor at maturity (Davis, et al., 1994). The feature of purpose for debt financing is to solve the problem of deficiency in working capital rather than the expenditure under the capital account. Debt financing can be described by two features, The received capital from debt financing is only for using, it is not the property of the enterprise, and the firm needs to pay interest and the principal is repayable. Compare to equity financing, except some specific situations that debt financing may bring creditor the problem of intervention or controlling, otherwise it is barely to have the problem of corporate control. However, debt financing has its advantage for helping the firm in investment and management, The lenders have ability to collect and analyze the states of investment, also can have long-term investigate and oversee the enterprise to avoid the moral hazard. The function of the creditors right is when firm can pay off the debt, the firm will hold the corporate control, whereas of the enterprise cannot offer the debt, the corporate control will be turned to lender. Why do SMEs find financing a problem? Due to SMEs small size capital, the capability for defending the market risk is not as strong as a large firm, plus a faulty finance system, it causes the problem into SMEs finance management (Pissarides, 1999). The main reasons and problem are: No criterion in SMEs finance accounting system In application of finance system in SME exist some problems, which make loose financial control. A loose inventory control can lead to the stagnation of capital and excessive final inventory; the capital of final inventory always in a high proportion if compare to sale revenue. The firm usually loses a large number of assets due to focus on capital much more than assets and even wastes it seriously; moreover, to control the finished products, semi-manufactured goods and low-value expendable without a faultless system. It is negligent in managing the cash and weakness in debt receivable Some of enterprises think that it is good to hold cash (including bank deposit), and better to have more; the proportion of reserve is too high, it makes lot of capital cannot really run in operation, and also causes the capital idleness. In addition, some firms invest too much in real estate and lead to finance difficulty due to could not handle the emergent need of management. Also deficiency in managing working capital creates problems problem capital withdrawal. Difficulty in funding, the capital is insufficient It is not easy to run the SME in a practically environment, especially the unequal treatment in funding between SME and larger enterprise. The banks are not willing to loan to them, particularly the difficulty in guarantee and lack of the specialized agency to offer the assurance service is still the main problem for SME and it obviously happens in some huge investments. Unrestraint in investment The SME is lacking of the ability to analyze the investment accurately and to evaluate the effectiveness of operating the capital. The majority of investment in SME is from banking, due to the respectability of a SME is not as high as a large company, it is an obstacle in attracting the banking to invest or loan to the SME. The mode of management is backward Most of SME is running the business as a family workshop; they are operation the management in a backward way and an old-fashioned thinking way, do not understand and even not willing to understand or learn the modern financial management. The proprietor always treats the enterprise as an extension of familys property; in order to control the business entirely without decentralize the ownership, it causes the lost of the opportunities in growing. Conclusion SMEs play an important role in the general macroeconomic environment, and provide the enormous opportunities for employment. However, due to the small size and limited source, usually SMEs has to face to the challenge in financing problem. For solving the problem, the major impact is from government and the law (Industrial Systems Research). In existing policy has to be adjusted by government; the government needs to reinforce the related law and regulation to implement SMEs development strategy and preferential clause. Furthermore, have to set up the institution for managing and supporting SMEs development. To increase the method for financing; SMEs need to respect the debt from bank and to pay back the debt on time; then to healthy the internal system and raise the handling of material. Lastly, to improve accountants structure and criterion of financial management; enhance the punishment for the illegality to makes they pay attention in financial system.

Cell Morphology and Motility Essays -- Biology

Tumor cells try to spread throughout the body. In order to do so, these cells need Rho and ROCK or Rac to signal their movement. There are at least two types of morphology (shapes/forms) that need these signals for cell movement. One type is the elongated morphology, which needs to use Rac for signalling, and pericellular proteolysis (an enzyme) for movement. The other type is the rounded (amoeboid) morphology, which uses RhoA and ROCK signalling. Initially, tumor cells were known to take the elongated form. It is now known that the rounded shape also exists and possibly other morphologies as well. This research is focused on tumor cells that have rounded morphology, elongated morphology, and those that can utilize both forms. There has been research in attempts to inhibit, or block, these signals in order to stop tumor cells from spreading. However, this may cause a problem for other cells that may need to move to certain places of the body to function. Researchers have experimented with the use of inhibitors, such as Y27632, C3, and a combination of Y27632 and C3, on different types of tumor cells to see what percentage of cells still invaded to a certain distance. This information is compared to the percentage of untreated cells that invaded the same set distance. The effectiveness of these inhibitors are then related to the type of morphology (elongated or rounded or both) to see if certain types of inhibitors work better in a type of morphology. More research has been conducted to find the percentage of different tumor cells that have invaded three different depths. This is also used to analyze the effectiveness of the inhibitors on the varying types of morphologies. The basic procedure for this type of experiment is d... ...affected by these inhibitors known at this point? Is it possible that there are other morphology changes and signals involved in cell movement? The hopes for developments in the fight against cancer are high, especially in the hearts of innumerable patients, families, and friends. Each small step in the right direction is a step toward a cure, and it's progress such as these discoveries that will someday help save and improve the lives of countless individuals. We would like to thank the people who sit behind a microscope ten hours a day. They are committed to watching blobs move around on a plate in the hope that these blobs can shed light on the diseases that hurt, cripple and kill our fellow human beings. The future is brighter because of the problems being tackled, and the prospects of tomorrow give reason for the contributions and investments of today. Cell Morphology and Motility Essays -- Biology Tumor cells try to spread throughout the body. In order to do so, these cells need Rho and ROCK or Rac to signal their movement. There are at least two types of morphology (shapes/forms) that need these signals for cell movement. One type is the elongated morphology, which needs to use Rac for signalling, and pericellular proteolysis (an enzyme) for movement. The other type is the rounded (amoeboid) morphology, which uses RhoA and ROCK signalling. Initially, tumor cells were known to take the elongated form. It is now known that the rounded shape also exists and possibly other morphologies as well. This research is focused on tumor cells that have rounded morphology, elongated morphology, and those that can utilize both forms. There has been research in attempts to inhibit, or block, these signals in order to stop tumor cells from spreading. However, this may cause a problem for other cells that may need to move to certain places of the body to function. Researchers have experimented with the use of inhibitors, such as Y27632, C3, and a combination of Y27632 and C3, on different types of tumor cells to see what percentage of cells still invaded to a certain distance. This information is compared to the percentage of untreated cells that invaded the same set distance. The effectiveness of these inhibitors are then related to the type of morphology (elongated or rounded or both) to see if certain types of inhibitors work better in a type of morphology. More research has been conducted to find the percentage of different tumor cells that have invaded three different depths. This is also used to analyze the effectiveness of the inhibitors on the varying types of morphologies. The basic procedure for this type of experiment is d... ...affected by these inhibitors known at this point? Is it possible that there are other morphology changes and signals involved in cell movement? The hopes for developments in the fight against cancer are high, especially in the hearts of innumerable patients, families, and friends. Each small step in the right direction is a step toward a cure, and it's progress such as these discoveries that will someday help save and improve the lives of countless individuals. We would like to thank the people who sit behind a microscope ten hours a day. They are committed to watching blobs move around on a plate in the hope that these blobs can shed light on the diseases that hurt, cripple and kill our fellow human beings. The future is brighter because of the problems being tackled, and the prospects of tomorrow give reason for the contributions and investments of today.

The First World War (WWI) - Trench Warfare :: World War 1 I One

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During World War I, trench warfare was very common. It was a newer technique in battles as in wars prior to the Great World War, fighting was less invasive and men merely marched at each other from opposite ends of fields and fought until only one side remained standing or a white flag was hung high in surrender. In fact in older wars, the fighting was far less dangerous to the point where battles were often times viewed by locals who watched from side lines with really no threat of getting hurt. In World War I however, the fighting had upscaled to the most sadistic type the world had ever experienced. With the industrialist wave that had overcome us in the late 1800s into the early 1900s, many technological advancements made the war a lot harsher of a scenario. Mass weaponry was being created in factories all across Europe to use for the war, and so the â€Å"old wars,† of much less casualties and danger were in the past, and the â€Å"new war,† or first World War was at the present, with heavy war machinery and severe casualties. The picture in the Stearns text book on page 808 displays a group of soldiers during World War I in the trenches, their homes and in most cases-their death beds during combat.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In this picture it is clear to see that life in the trenches was dismal and uncomfortable. Trenches were basically dug out pieces of land that soldiers fought from and sought refuge in upon returning attacks. They were not fun places to live and consisted of numbers of men packed tightly together in constant fear of their lives being taken from them before they could ever return home to their families, if they were lucky enough to reach that day! Through the expressions on these men’s faces in the picture, one can see that the trenches were very uncomfortable and unlively. The men look dirty and tired in their cave like surroundings. Disenchanted with the lives they led and the war they were there to fight, the soldiers do not look at ease or positive about their current situation. They sit cramped on the ground with no smiles or grins for the photographer of this picture. There is rubble all around them, somewhat signifying their lives as they miss their homes and families and watch their closest friends die or suffer from deadly battle wounds beside them.

History of Parental Involvement in Education Essay examples -- Parent

History of Parent Involvement Prior to the 1850’s, before public education existed, parents and families were responsible for the education of their children. During the late 1800’s and early 1900’s education in schools became wide spread. As public education grew and teachers became professionals many began to believe that professionals alone should be responsible for educating children (Stein and Thorkildsen). As years went by, families showed some concern about this new view on who should be in charge of their children’s education. Parents began to show their concern for this division in education in the 1987 when the National Congress of Mothers, the foundation for the Parent Teacher Association, was formed (Stein and Thorkildsen). Since 1987 many more steps have been taken in an effort to evaluate the importance of parent involvement in education and to encourage parents to be involved in their child’s schooling. Family Structure Parent involvement in a child’s schooling has proven to be beneficial to the child regardless of the situation. The amount of the effectiveness of the parent involvement is directly related to the structure of the family that the child comes from. A National Household Education Survey (NHES) from 1996 shows that children from dual parent homes are more inclined to excel academically and become involved in extracurricular activities. More so, they are not as likely to repeat a grade or be given a suspension, especially if their fathers show interest and become involved (Nord). In 38.5 percent of dual parent households parents actively help their child with homework three or more times a week (National Center for Education Statistics). In today’s ever changing society dual parent ho... ... EBSCO Database. Retrieved March 8, 2002 from Eric Database. U.S. Department of Education. (1991). Other middle grade resources, Parent involvement at the middle school level. National Committee for Citizens in Education. Retrieved February 18, 2002 from the World Wide Web: www.middleweb.com/ParntInvl.html This is a well designed web site that provides resources for parents and teachers of middle school aged children. Articles, news stories, diaries, chats, newsletters, and hot links are available on this web site. Wherry, J. (2002). Selected parent involvement research. The Parent Institute. Retrieved April 11, 2002 from the world wide web : http://www.par-inst.com/edresources/research/research.shtml This bit of selected research comes from the parent institute web site. The information provided on this page is supported by numerous references.

Midterm Reflection: Health Literacy Essay

When listening or reading to the news, it is hard to avoid a topic on the health care crisis. It seems that everyone has an opinion on what needs to be fixed, but there is one underlying factor in the system that could be a key player in the delivery of health care for the future. Health literacy has become an issue that is affecting every part of the system, and could be a path leading to improvements in the system (Nutbeam, 2000). After watching the health literacy video exposing various Americans with low health literacy, I was completely shocked. I had heard of health literacy before, but seeing this video was really eye-opening as to the extent that people cannot communicate with health care providers. I knew right away that this was a topic that I wanted to explore. When learning about health literacy, I found it important to note the similarities and differences in health literacy and literacy. Literacy can be defined as one’s ability to read, write, or understand written and spoken language in his or her native language. Health literacy is different to literacy, as it is one’s ability to understand the terms of health and apply that knowledge within the scope of health care (Mayer and Villaire, 2007). However, literacy plays an undeniable role in health literacy, in that those that are illiterate will have an even harder time when trying to understand health terms. While watching the movie about health literacy in class, I could not help but be disturbed when watching adults that had the literacy levels of middle school children (Kalmbach, 2003). It made me wonder how many people are illiterate in the country, and how this is playing a role in health care. The National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL) offers extensive information on past studies done on adults for literacy. A study conducted in 2003 showed that thirty million adults (about fourteen percent) had literacy levels below basic, which includes simple, minimal skills. In addition, sixty-three million, or twenty-nine percent of adults, had a literacy level of â€Å"basic,† which means that simple, everyday skills are met, but nothing beyond that. Knowing this, it is clear that there is a problem in America with literacy in adults. With adults that cannot meet even intermediate literacy skills, that means that over 100 million adults are health illiterate because people that are illiterate tend to also be health illiterate (â€Å"National Assessment,† 2003). Some of these adults may have health care plans, and their lack of literacy may be preventing them from understanding those plans and understanding the services with which they are provided through those plans. Because there is correlation with literacy and socio-economic class, I believe that there needs to be more emphasis put on educating those that have not been properly educated (Mayer and Villaire, 2007). Healthy People 2020 has a great system for approaching this goal in terms of health literacy, but more promotion of this movement is critical (â€Å"Educational and Community-Based,† 2011). In the movie, Mr. Brown reads at the fourth-grade level. Due to this low literacy level, he says that he does not like going to the doctor because of the amount of paperwork he needs to fill out. Even being someone that can read at a proficient level, I can agree with Mr. Brown that filling out paperwork at a doctor’s office can be stressful. There are many abbreviations and words that relate to health care that I simply do not know. However, because of my literacy level, I am able to overcome some of these problems and figure out what the form is asking. It concerns me that people of a low literacy level such as Mr. Brown’s would not be able to do this problem-solving successfully (Kalmbach, 2003). There is no doubt that this can lead to medical miscommunications between the patient and the doctor in regards to billing, medical background information, and future diagnoses and prescriptions. These miscommunications can be costly for insurers, those paying out-of-pocket, and the physicians (Mayer and Villaire, 2007). As a college student, I still have much to learn about living independently without the help of my parents. After learning about health literacy, I feel that I need to educate myself and become more health literate. Because I am a biology major, and I am interested in science, I do try to communicate well and fully understand what my doctor is telling me, but I do not always ask all of the questions needed to improve my health literacy. For example, when I am prescribed a medication, I normally take it without knowing why I am taking that specific dosage, what it will do for me, what side-effects it may cause, etc. Those are questions that I, and others that go to a physician, should be asking. College students are in the years where they prepare for living on our own. Part of that preparation should be becoming more health literate in order to make the best decisions regarding health care options in the present and future. In a study of college students, 21. 7% of the students could not appropriately take a medication four times throughout one day, and 41. 4% would not figure out financing for primary care when taking family size and income into consideration. Since these are issues that may be in the near future for college students, this implies that something needs to be done to better educate students. Melinda Ickes and Randall Cottrell (2010) say that a possible solution to improving health literacy would be to offer consumer health courses. I believe that this could be an option, but there needs to be a great incentive, or it must be mandatory for students to take these courses; with the combination of a busy course load and students simply not knowing their health literacy levels, many students may not enroll. One growing issue with health literacy that I find extremely interesting is the effect that the Internet has played in health care over the past couple decades (Ickes and Cottrell, 2010). As more information about health care is available on the Internet, many people find it more convenient to self-diagnose themselves instead of making the trip to the doctor. I know that when I have a health problem, one of the first things that I do is look it up on a website such as WebMD. While some people, like myself, know that this is not sufficient information, others that are not as health literate may not understand that the most reliable source is a face-to-face interaction with a physician. When a doctor visit becomes necessary, doctors may then have the task of re-teaching the medical information if a person relied heavily on the wrong information from the Internet. This is not just a problem locally or nationally. The Internet is worldwide, so this problem of becoming Internet-dependent for health care may be affecting global health literacy and therefore the quality of global health care. Though those that do not have access to health insurance and cannot see a physician may find this to be easy access at the fingertips, proper health literacy is needed to interpret the information in a way that is safe (Lancellotti-Young and Suk, n. d. ). Because I want to be a genetic counselor, health literacy will definitely play a major role in my future practice. Genetic counselors are responsible for doing genetic tests, interpreting those tests, and communicating results with patients effectively. Having a good understanding of the health literacy of my patients will be critical when advising them to make safe decisions for their health and the health of their future children. Especially in regard to sex education and prevention, health literacy is a problem that needs to be addressed in a major way. With more understanding of the benefits and results of genetic testing and prenatal care, patients may be able to make adjustments related to health and financing health care (â€Å"Health Literacy,† 2010). In my practice, I would highly value health literacy and make an effort to incorporate health literacy education into my practice as much as possible. Health literacy is a growing topic in health care, as it should be. Someone that can effectively communicate with a physician well may be saving time and money for themselves, the physician, and the insurance provider. However, many adults that are responsible for their own health care are not health-literate on a proficient level. While current news has put emphasis on many aspects of health care such as financing and access, health literacy should be emphasized more, especially because it could potentially benefit those financing and access issues (Nutbeam 2000). Watching the health literacy video gave me a perspective on health care that I did not have before. Not only did I begin to learn of this issue on a national level, but I realized that I need to educate myself so that I can become more health literate to be a better contributor to the health care system. Health literacy follows each person that interacts with the health care system, whether he or she is a receiver or provider of that care. Resources Educational and Community-Based Programs. (2011). Retrieved from http://www. healthypeople. gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/overview. aspx? topicid=11 Health Literacy. (2010). Genetic Counseling Cultural Competence Toolkit. Retrieved October 27, 2011, from http://www. geneticcounselingtoolkit. com/cases/resources_referral/rrf7. htm Ickes, M. J. , & Cottrell, R. (2010). Health literacy in college students. Journal of American College Health, 58(5), 491-498. Kalmbach, Lewis (Producer). (2003). Health Literacy Video [Motion Picture]. United States: Kalmbach Advertising. Lancellotti-Young, C. , & Suk, D. (n. d. ). Online access to health information: The Internet’s impact on the patient-physician relationship. Internet and Social Change. Retrieved October 27, 2011, from.

Examine how the C.B.D (Central Business District) of Belfast changed along chosen transects

AimThe aim of this investigating is designed to consider how the C.B.D ( key Business order) of capital of northernmostern Ire primer coat changed along chosen transects, from cardinal spot of the metropolis marrow squash to the other. The study should in addition mark step up the limits of the capital of Federal Ireland C.B.D. and to examine the character of the capital of Northern Ireland C.B.DFor my investigation, I am studying these pastime aras1. proud pass2. Donegal send out3. stiffness track4. over-embellished boulevard5. Castle avenue6. Ann passageway7. North pathway8. Bedford channel/ capital of Ire destroy Road9. Chichester Street10. May Street11. Howard StreetData Collection functionThe three class groups studying geography in Year 11 de helpinging be required to carry out throwawayments and observations along various stopping points on a transect, starting from the middle of the C.B.D (McDonalds) and succeeding(a) a road outwards towards the pass on of the C.B.D. Each transect pass on be a distance of no much than 1 Km.Each class volition be divided into three smaller groups and with a supervising t distributivelyer, entrust take the government notements shown in the possibility below at lawful intervals of 100 metres. Our class was divided into one group of 10, two groups of 9 and each of them exit be effrontery accepted transects.Each class entrust take away a different transect and at the end, we will pool our results to get an overall pattern of how the C.B.D. changes from one side to the other.HypothesisI will be investigating the following 10 hypothesisHypothesis adept capital of Northern Irelands CBD has one avenue / avenue which has the superlative land rate, from which other streets land value drop.To greenback this, I will be recording the addresses of the shops and I will serve an inquiry to the land registry to come about out the hurt of the land.Hypothesis 2 Pedestrian flow increases with increase land valueTo flier this, I will be recording the amount of pedestrians in that transect, so I will desire to count and record the numbers pool on a tally sheet. Also, I will use the information given by the land registrar.Hypothesis Three wander window dressing increases with change magnitude land value.To measure this, I will compulsion to measure the length of shop frontage I will be meter using a trundle wheel. Also, I will use the information given by the land registrar.Hypothesis Four twist height increases with increase land value.To measure this, I will be cadence the height of manakinings along chosen transects, beat in storeys and land use classification. Also, I will use the information given by the land registrar.Hypothesis vanadium Vehicle traffic flow decreases with increasing land value.To measure this, I will be measure the typeface of vehicles pitiful through transects both sides of the road. To measure, I will count and record the number s on a tally sheet. Also, I will use the information given by the land registrar.Hypothesis Six Street flavor improves with increasing land value.To measure this, I will be measurement shopping and street quality by using the shopping/street panorama index and measure the attractiveness for shoppers in an theatre of operations of a C.B.D. Also, I will use the information given by the land registrar.Hypothesis Seven memory frontage decreases with increasing distance from the message of the C.B.D*To measure this, I will guide to measure the length of shop frontage I will be measuring using a trundle wheel.Hypothesis Eight Land value drops with increasing distance from the kernel of the C.B.D*To measure this, I will be recording the addresses of the shops and I will make an inquiry to the land registry to find out the price of the land.Hypothesis Nine Street quality deteriorates with increasing distance from the centre of the C.B.D*To measure this, I will be measuring shopping a nd street quality by using the shopping/street mess index and measure the attractiveness for shoppers in an area of a C.B.D.Hypothesis ex Vehicle traffic flow increases with increasing distance from the centre of C.B.D*To measure this, I will be measuring the type of vehicles moving through transects both sides of the road. To measure, I will count and record the numbers on a tally sheet.* condense of C.B.D. means cross roads at Primark (Castle Street/ Donegal Place)Map of study AreaFor my investigation, I am studying these following areas1. High Street 7. North Street2. Donegal Place 8. Bedford Street/ Dublin Road3. Castle Street 9. Chichester Street4. Royal Avenue 10. May Street5. Castle Lane 11. Howard Street6. Ann StreetWhat is a C.B.D?The Central Business District (CBD) is at the brass of any metropolis. It is the part of the city where virtually business is conducted. The Central Business District (CBD) is generally located in the centre of a town or city with all routew ays leading to it, do it the around accessible place in the city. Consequently, it is the most intensively used part of the city and as a result rivalry for space to conduct business is grand therefore land values are high and alone large businesses good deal locate there. That is why no houses rout out locate there.A History of capital of Northern Irelandcapital of Northern Ireland lies in a geographical basin it grew at the lowest contented crossing point of the River ligan, where the river Farset joined the main(prenominal)(prenominal) river. Rolling hills that are broken only by Belfast Lough, into which the River Lagan flows, surrounds Belfast. North of the Lough youll see Cave Hill.Belfast is a new City.Three hundred age ago, it hardly existed, yet it has grown since, more quickly than any other city in the British Isles. In the 1500s Arthur Chichester set up a Garrison site. Although not curiously defensive in character, the presence of Belfast Castle indicate s that there was a need for defense. It chiffonier also be describe as a Wet operate Site, beside the River Lagan where there was an available urine bring out. It was a site rich in resources. E.g. stone and wood (needed for settlement). In past times the Lagan Valley was affluent of forest and swamps. thither was also atomic reactor of flat land for building and the area was also sheltered from strong northward winds.Belfast grew at the lowest well-to-do crossing point of the river Lagan, where the river Farset joined the main river. A sand spit form making fording easy. Belfast goat also be described as a wet point site, beside the river Lagan where there was an available water supply it was a rich site in resources. Belfast is built on a good site because there were rich soils, flat land and good undeviating water supply. The bridging point meant that the area was passed on a regular basis making the area have good dispense links- This was as well as the ports. It wa s come along to many other big towns and cities via roads and port.In 1613, James 1st erected Belfast as a corporate borough. There was a castle and a fewer cabins, it was a garrison town.Belfast grew fast and in 1685, the population was 600. Belfast looked same thisThis is the 17th blow Garrison Town. English and Scots were inside walls and the Irish were outside. Belfast grew to port and market with some administrative functions. Population by 1718 was 18,300.Belfast grew quite large and by the 19th Century it grew and looked like thisIn 1785, Linen dormitory room opened. 19th Century Belfast was a period of industrialisation (which meant rapid growth) way facilities were strained and water supply was inadequate. cotton industry created capital to improve resourcesIn 1800, the prototypical dock was constructed, in 1819 the first stream boat came from Liverpool. In 1823, there was gas lighting, 1830, machines spinning of linen yarn. 1836 motto the birth of Ulster Railway . From 1840s attempts were made to plan part of cities growth. 1851-population was 100,300. .Belfast Today in the twenty-first Century.Belfast City Centre is Northern Irelands premier commercial, retail and administrative centre and its future well-being and prosperity are important, not only for the economy of the Belfast Urban Area, but for Northern Ireland as a whole. The C.B.D. plays a vital quality as a focus for government, business, shopping, leisure, heathenish and social activities, also at the hub of the transferral network.The City Centre has a square(a) number of assets which provide a solid foundation on which a build a new image for Belfast. The soul and beautiful setting created by the touch hills, the Lough and the River Lagan provides a unique mise en scene in which the other positive features of the C.B.D. can be appreciated. These include1. A confederacy shopping centre2. A stiff office district3. Good cultural and entertainment facilities4. A good dos e infrastructure5. A historic street pattern and a legacy of graceful buildings and townscape6. A significant waterfront resource

The Betrayal and Loyalty in Macbeth and Kite Runner

A boy who wont lose up for himself be deducts a troops who back endt basis up to anything. Baba says these earthner of speaking to Rahim khan while he is talk of the town ab kayoed emir at the windup of Chapter 3, and the quotation reveals important traits in both emir and Baba. With these words, Baba sums up single of ameers major(ip) guinea pig flawshis cowardiceand Baba shows how much value he transports in bearing up for what is undecomposed. Baba is reluctant to cheering ameer, largely because he faces emeer lacks the braveness to compensate stand up for himself, leaving amir eer craving Babas flattery. emeers impulse for this approval as well as his cowardice posterior cause him to let Assef mess up Hassan. The quotation likewise foreshadows the major test of emirs character that occurs when he m honest-to-godiness conciliate whether to return to capital of Afghanistan to save Sohrab. As ameer searches for redemption, the question he struggles with is precisely what c erstwhilerned Baba does he pass water the braveness and strength to stand up for what is right? I actu each(prenominal)y aspired to cowardice, because the alternative, the real reason I was running, was that Assef was right nonhing was free in this world.Maybe Hassan was the price I had to pay, the dear I had to slay, to win Baba. When emir says this, toward the annul of Chapter 7, he has just watched Assef app every(prenominal) Hassan,and rather than intervene, he ran a mood. amir says he aspired to cowardice because, in his estimation, what he did was worse than cowardice. If fear of being hurt by Assef were the main reason he ran, emeer suggests that at least would discombobulate been more justified. Instead, he allowed the rape to happen because he wanted the blue kite, which he thought would prove to Baba that he was a winner like him, earning him Babas love and approval.The price of the kite, as ameer says, was Hassan, and this is why Amir c alls Hassan the lamb he had to slay. He draws a comparison between Hassan and the lamb sacrificed during the Muslim holiday of Eid Al-Adha to commemorate Abrahams around sacrifice of his son to God. In this context, Hassan was the sacrifice Amir had to make to get the kite and ultimately to deduce Babas affection. That was a long time ago, except its wrong what they say about the past, Ive learned, about how you endure bury it. Because the past claws its way out. Looking back now, I realize I have been peeking into that deserted alley for he fix twenty-six years. At the outset of Chapter 1, just as the book begins, Amir writes these words. With them, he hints at the primeval drama of the story and the reason he is coition it. To the re dioramaer, the quotation functions as a teaser. It piques the readers inte stay on without revealing exactly what Amir is talking about, and from the time period Amir mentions, twenty-six years, the reader gets an idea of just how important t his moment was. As the story unfolds, we realize that the deserted alley Amir refers to is where Hassan was raped, and that this event has largely defined the course of Amirs gayners since.This is what Amir means when he says that the past continues to claw its way out. Try as he might to bury it, he was futile to because his feelings of guilt kept arising. As a result, he figuratively continues peeking into the alley where Assef raped Hassan, literally mean that he keeps freeing over the event in his mind. thither is a way to be devout again. (pg. 2) Rahim caravan inn said this to Amir to encourage him to divine service Hassans son escape Afghanistan. And he got to decide what was discolor and what was white. You smoket love a person who spicys that way without fearing him too.Maybe even hating him a little. (pg 15) This is Amirs assessment of his father. It was a look I had maken before. It was the look of the lamb. (pg. 76) Here Amir describes the look on Hassans face as Assef and ii others rape him. The look reminds Amir of a sacrifical lamb. I envied her. Her privy(p) was out. Spoken. Dealt with. (pg 165) Amir makes this comment to the reader afterwards Soraya tells him the all in all story of how she ran away with a man and shame her family. He wishes he could tell what secrets he carries around, too. Baba had wrestled bears his unanimous life . . In the end, a bear had come that he couldnt lift out. neertheless even then, he had lost on his own terms. (pg 174) Baba has died and Amir sums up his life with these words. The Search For Redemption Amirs quest to liquidate himself makes up the heart of the refreshing. ahead of time on, Amir strives to redeem himself in Babas eyes, primarily because his mother died giving birth to him, and he feels responsible. To redeem himself to Baba, Amir thinks he must win the kite-tournament and clear Baba the losing kite, both of which are inciting incidents that set the rest of the figme nt in motion.The more substantial part of Amirs search for redemption, however, stems from his guilt regarding Hassan. That guilt drives the climactic events of the story, including Amirs journey to Kabul to assimilate place Sohrab and his confrontation with Assef. The moral standard Amir must meet to earn his redemption is set beforehand(predicate) in the book, when Baba says that a boy who doesnt stand up for himself forces a man who houset stand up to anything. As a boy, Amir fails to stand up for himself. As an adult, he cigaret scarcely redeem himself by proving he has the courage to stand up for what is right.The Love and Tension amidst Fathers and Sons Amir has a very complex kind with Baba, and as much as Amir loves Baba, he rarely feels Baba fully loves him back. Amirs desire to win Babas love consequently motivates him non to stop Hassans rape. Baba has his own difficulty connecting with Amir. He feels guilty treating Amir well when he sackt ac hold upledge Hass an as his son. As a result, he is hard on Amir, and he can only show his love for Hassan indirectly, by bring Hassan along when he takes Amir out, for instance, or pay for Hassans lip surgery.In contrast with this, the most pleasing alliance between father and son we turn back is that of Hassan and Sohrab. Hassan, however, is killed, and toward the end of the novel we watch Amir nerve-racking to become a substitute father to Sohrab. Their relationship experiences its own strains as Sohrab, who is recovering from the loss of his parents and the twist around he suffered, has trouble opening up to Amir. When we got to Kabul, I Rahim Khan discovered that Hassan had no intention of moving into the house. moreover all these rooms are empty, Hassan jan. No one is going to live in them, I said. unless he would not.He said it was a matter of ihtiram, a matter of respect. He and Farzana moved their things into the hut in the backyard, where he was born. I pleaded for them to move int o one of the knob bedrooms upstairs, but Hassan would hear nothing of it. What impart Amir agha think? he said to me. What lead he think when he comes back to Kabul after the war and finds that I have assumed his place in the house? Then, in mourning for your father, Hassan wore black for the next forty days. (16. 24-25) You may be disquieted by the voice here. Its actually not Amir Rahim Khan gets one chapter in the book.Rahim Khan recounts his rubberneck to Hazarajat to find Hassan and bring him back to the house in Kabul. When Hassan does move back to the house with Rahim Khan, he refuses to live where Baba and Amir lived. Does Hassans refusal suggest that Hassan is only Amirs servant and the ii never achieved an equal friendship? (Side question Does Hassan aesthesis on some unconscious level Babas original relationship to him? Is that why he mourns Baba for forty days? ) I felt like a man sliding down a steep cliff, clutching at shrubs and tangles of brambles and c oming up empty-handed. The room was swooping up and down, swaying array to side. Did Hassan cognize? I said through lips that didnt feel like my own. Rahim Khan closed his eyes. Shook his head. enthrall think, Amir Jan. It was a shameful situation. People would talk. al unneu emaciateic that a man had back then, all that he was, was his honor, his name, and if deal talked We couldnt tell anyone, surely you can see that. He reached for me, but I shed his hand. Headed for the door. I opened the door and turned to him. Why? What can you possibly say to me? Im thirty-eight years old and Ive just found out my whole life is one big fucking lieWhat can you possibly say to make things discover? Nothing. Not a goddamn thing (17. 57-63) Rahim Khan tells Amir about Babas betrayal of him, Hassan, and Ali. Heres the story Baba slept with Sanaubar, Alis wife, and fathered Hassan. except Baba never told Amir or Hassan about it. We wonder if Rahim Khans divine revelation makes life ea sier or harder for Amir. On the one hand, Amir sees, for the first time, the similarities between himself and his father. outright he go to beds he wasnt the only one walking around with a ton of bricks (a. k. a. secret guilt). But does this really ease Amir?Is it comforting at all to know his father made similar mistakes? Amirs betrayal of Hassan brings him cobblers laster to Baba in ways he couldnt have predicted. Although the two dont share the same secrets, they do share the quiet of guilt. You know, Rahim Khan said, one time, when you werent around, your father and I were talking. And you know how he forever and a day worried about you in those days. I remember he said to me, Rahim, a boy who wont stand up for himself becomes a man who cant stand up to anything. I wonder, is that what youve become? (17. 4) Rahim Khan has just asked Amir to bringing Sohrab from Kabul. Amir is initially resistant, so Rahim Khan tries three times to dispose Amir to undertake the task. (T he task is obviously a redemptive quest because theres no reason Amir has to birth Sohrab. Rahim Khan tells Amir he has passable money to get Sohrab, so it seems like anyone could have performed this task. ) Anyway, Rahim Khan gives Amir three reasons why he should rescue Sohrab. One, because your father thought you couldnt stand up for anything and heres your chance to prove him wrong. Second, its my dying wish that you rescue Sohrab.And trio, Hassan was actually your half- chum salmon, so you owe it to him. We think all these reasons add up and Amir agrees to rescue Sohrab. Of course, the third reason seals the deal, but theyre all important and end up motivating Amir. How could he have be to me all those years? To Hassan? He had sat me on his lap when I was little, looked me straight in the eyes, and said, There is only one sin. And that is theft When you tell a lie, you steal someones right to the truth. Hadnt he said those words to me? And now, fifteen years after Id buried him, I was learning that Baba had been a thief.And a thief of the whip kind, because the things hed stealn had been sacred from me the right to know I had a brother, from Hassan his identity, and from Ali his honor. His nang. His namoos. (18. 5) This is a central moment in the novel because it revises our picture of Baba, and thus our picture of Amir. Amirs guilt, all these years, has partially resulted from Babas very strict adherence to a individualized code. Babas set of principles include honor (nang), pride (namoos), and loyalty. Now Amir finds out the following not only did Baba steal Alis honor and pride, but he stole a sense of self from Hassan, and a brother from Amir.What are you supposed to do when you find out the single most important figure of bureau and morality in your life strayed from his principles? Thats right, go on a personal quest of redemption to rescue your half-nephew from a sadistic, Mein Kampf-toting member of the Taliban. I unfolded the letter. It wa s written in Farsi. No dots were omitted, no crosses forgotten, no words befuddled together the handwriting was almost childlike in its neatness. (17. 7) First, its amazing that Hassan learns how to read and write as an adult. But even more amazing is the aura of purity still surrounding Hassan.Hassan lives through a tragical attack at a young age. His best friend, Amir, betrays him. He and his father leave their home. War comes to Afghanistan. But through all this, Hassan holds onto something like innocence. Chapter 16 17 Going to Kabul becomes a test of Amirs honor, loyalty, and manhood. Amir is clearly afraid to go. He knows the city is extremely dangerous, and in returning there he would risk everything he has, including his life and the benefit of his family. Kabul give in addition undoubtedly commemorate memories of Hassan and his past that Amir would rather not confront.Rahim Khan recognizes that the decision is a difficult one for Amir. To bring over him, he brings up the conversation he once had with Baba, when Baba said he feared that Amir would not be able to stand up to anything as a man if he could not stand up for himself as a boy. Amir concedes that Baba may have been right. Then Rahim Khan reveals that Ali was not Hassans father, and implies that Hassan was, in fact, Babas child. Hassan and Amir, then, would be half-brothers, and Sohrab would be Amirs nephew, obligating Amir further to find the boy. The dilemma brings together the tensions Amir has struggled with in the novel.By rescuing Sohrab, Amir can become the man that Baba always wanted him to be, and he can finally atone for the ways he failed Hassan as a friend. Do you know what I will tell Daoud Khan the next time he comes to our house for dinner? Assef said. Im going to have a little chat with him, man to man, mard to mard. Tell him what I told my mother. About Hitler. Now, there was a leader. A great leader. A man with vision. Ill tell Daoud Khan to remember that if they h ad let Hitler finish what he had started, the world be a better place now. (Hosseini 43) Assef claims that Hitler was his role model.He has a same bear witness of view as Hitler has. He wants the country to be one race, one religion and one belief. This is also related to the holocaust in WWII. We all know that Hitlers actions fund the hit actions in humanity society because he started the WWII. He was also racialist against people who have varied beliefs and race. Similarly, Assef copied Hitler and isolated the Hazaras from the rest of the country. This prove that his attitude toward the country and those Hazaras end him up with suffering the serious consequences. Assef and Hitlers actions are the worst actions in human. His blue eyes flicked to Hassan. Afghanistan is the land of Pashtuns. It always has been, always will be. We are the true Afghans, the minute Afghans, not this Flat-Nose here. His people pollute our homeland, our watan. They dirty our blood. He made a sweepi ng, grandiose gesture with his hands. Afghanistan for Pashtuns, I say. Thats my vision. This is a significant because this quotation does a good job in terms of delineation Assefs attitude toward those Hazaras. Assef said this when he is harassing Hassan. We all know that Amir was put in a situation where he has to decide whether he has to stand up for himself or following the belief of Pashtun bully.Assef annoyed Hassan and Amir for not following their beliefs and he in conclusion joined Taliban and killed tons of Hazaras. This harassment due to distinct religion lead to the worst action the Taliban has do and this lead to the disunity of the country. Assef slipped on the brass knuckles. Gave me an icy look. Youre part of the problem, Amir. If idiots like you and your father didnt take these people in, wed be rid of them by now. Theyd all just go rot in Hazarajat where they belong. Youre a disgrace to Afghanistan. This quote indirectly tells us that Assefs attitude will lead Afghanistan to downfall and his point of view will drive him forward to join the Taliban to kill those Hazaras. He thinks Pashtun who spend time with the people with a different religion are disgrace to Afghanistan. His point of view is the same as Hitlers. He think those Hazaras should be always oppressed and Afghanistan is the land only for Pashtun. This is an foul way of differentiating people. Afghanistan will have the potential to become more united without Talibans prejudice and the attitudes toward people with different religion.